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Stankeviciute, Gabriele & Guan, Ziqiang & Goldfine, Howard & Klein, Eric A. (2019-04-02). Caulobacter crescentus adapts to phosphate starvation by synthesizing anionic glycoglycerolipids and a novel glycosphingolipid. mBio Retrieved from https://doi.org/doi:10.7282/t3-ymz1-7758

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Caulobacter crescentus adapts to phosphate starvation by synthesizing anionic glycoglycerolipids and a novel glycosphingolipid (2019)
Gabriele Stankeviciute, Ziqiang Guan, Howard Goldfine, Eric A. Klein
mBio.
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AbstractCaulobacter crescentus adapts to phosphate starvation by elongating its cell body and a polar stalk structure. The stalk is an extension of the Gram-negative envelope containing inner and outer membranes as well as a peptidoglycan cell wall. Cellular elongation requires a 6- to 7-fold increase in membrane synthesis, yet phosphate limitation would preclude the incorporation of additional phospholipids. In the place of phospholipids, C. crescentus can synthesize several glycolipid species, including a novel glycosphingolipid (GSL-2). While glycosphingolipids are ubiquitous in eukaryotes, the presence of GSL-2 in C. crescentus is surprising since GSLs had previously been found only in Sphingomonas species, in which they play a role in outer membrane integrity. In this paper, we identify three proteins required for GSL-2 synthesis: CcbF catalyzes the first step in ceramide synthesis, while Sgt1 and Sgt2 sequentially glycosylate ceramides to produce GSL-2. Unlike in Sphingomonas, GSLs are nonessential in C. crescentus; however, the presence of ceramides does contribute to phage resistance and susceptibility to the cationic antimicrobial peptide polymyxin B. The identification of a novel lipid species specifically produced upon phosphate starvation suggests that bacteria may be able to synthesize a wider variety of lipids in response to stresses than previously observed. Uncovering these lipids and their functional relevance will provide greater insight into microbial physiology and environmental adaptation.
Persistent URLhttps://doi.org/doi:10.7282/t3-ymz1-7758
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RightsThis work has been licensed by the rightsholder under a Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) 4.0 International License (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).